| Acer negundo var. negundo |
Eastern boxelder |
No |
No |
Medium Trees |
Wet conditions |
| Acer saccharinum |
Silver maple |
No |
No |
Large Trees |
Soil compaction, Dry soils, drought, Air pollution, Heat, Poor soil, Wet conditions |
| Acer saccharum |
Sugar maple |
No |
No |
Large Trees |
|
| Achillea borealis |
Common yarrow |
Yes |
No |
Herbs |
Dry soils, drought, Air pollution, Salt, Soil compaction, Urban environments, Mowing |
| Aconitum uncinatum |
Blue monkshood |
No |
No |
Herbs |
|
| Actaea racemosa |
Common black cohosh, Bugbane |
No |
No |
Herbs |
|
| Agalinis purpurea |
Purple false foxglove |
No |
No |
Herbs |
|
| Agastache scrophulariifolia |
Purple giant hyssop |
No |
No |
Herbs |
|
| Ageratina altissima |
White snakeroot |
No |
No |
Herbs |
|
| Ageratina aromatica |
Small white snakeroot, Lesser snakeroot |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Dry soils, drought |
| Agrostis hyemalis |
Winter bentgrass, Ticklegrass |
No |
No |
Grasses, Sedges & Rushes |
Poor soil |
| Aletris farinosa |
White colicroot |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Wet conditions |
| Allium cernuum |
Nodding onion |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Allelopathic plants, Dry soils, drought, Poor soil |
| Allium tricoccum |
Ramps, Wild leek, Rampscallions |
No |
No |
Herbs |
|
| Alnus serrulata |
Smooth alder, Hazel alder |
No |
No |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Soil compaction, Dry soils, drought, Some foot traffic, Wet conditions, Heat, Fire |
| Amelanchier arborea |
Downy serviceberry |
No |
No |
Medium Trees |
Wet conditions, Dry soils, drought, Salt, Fire |
| Amelanchier canadensis |
Canadian serviceberry |
No |
No |
Medium Trees |
Wet conditions, Fire |
| Amelanchier laevis |
Smooth serviceberry |
No |
No |
Medium Trees |
Air pollution, Salt, Soil compaction, Urban environments |
| Amorpha fruticosa |
False indigo-bush, Tall indigo-bush |
No |
No |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Dry soils, drought, Poor soil, Wet conditions |
| Andersonglossum virginianum |
Wild comfrey |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Poor soil |
| Andropogon gerardii |
Big bluestem, Turkeyfoot |
No |
No |
Grasses, Sedges & Rushes |
Air pollution, Allelopathic plants, Dry soils, drought, Salt, Wet conditions |
| Anatherum glomeratum |
Bushy bluestem, Bushy beardgrass |
No |
No |
Grasses, Sedges & Rushes |
Air pollution, Allelopathic plants, Wet conditions, Salt |
| Anatherum gyrans |
Elliott's bluestem, Bluestem, Broomsedge |
No |
No |
Grasses, Sedges & Rushes |
|
| Andropogon virginicus |
Broomsedge |
No |
No |
Grasses, Sedges & Rushes |
Dry soils, drought, Poor soil |
| Anemone virginiana var. virginiana |
Tall anemone, Thimbleweed |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Dry soils, drought, Allelopathic plants |
| Antennaria plantaginifolia |
Plantain-leaved pussytoes, Everlasting, Ladies' tabacco, Mouse ear, Plantain-leaved everlasting, Plantain pussytoes, Pussytoes |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Dry soils, drought, Poor soil |
| Antennaria solitaria |
Single-head pussytoes |
Yes |
No |
Herbs |
|
| Apios americana |
Groundnut |
No |
No |
Herbs, Vines |
|
| Apocynum androsaemifolium |
Spreading dogbane |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Dry soils, drought |
| Apocynum cannabinum |
Indian hemp, Hemp dogbane |
No |
No |
Herbs |
|
| Aquilegia canadensis |
Wild columbine, Eastern red columbine |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Dry soils, drought, Salt |
| Aralia spinosa |
Devil's walking-stick |
No |
No |
Medium Trees, Shrubs & Small Trees |
Dry soils, drought, Air pollution, Urban environments |
| Aronia melanocarpa |
Black chokeberry |
No |
No |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Salt, Soil compaction, Wet conditions |
| Aruncus dioicus var. dioicus |
Goat's-beard |
No |
No |
Herbs |
|
| Asarum canadense |
Common wild ginger |
Yes |
No |
Herbs |
Wet conditions |
| Asclepias amplexicaulis |
Clasping milkweed, Sand milkweed, Blunt-leaved milkweed |
No |
No |
Herbs |
|
| Asclepias incarnata var. pulchra |
Swamp milkweed, Swamp butterfly weed, Marsh milkweed |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Poor soil, Wet conditions |
| Asclepias syriaca |
Common milkweed |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Dry soils, drought, Poor soil |
| Asclepias tuberosa |
Butterfly milkweed, Common butterfly weed, Butterfly weed, Common butterfly-weed |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Dry soils, drought, Salt |
| Asclepias variegata |
White milkweed |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Dry soils, drought |
| Asclepias verticillata |
Whorled milkweed |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Dry soils, drought |
| Asimina triloba |
Pawpaw, Common pawpaw |
No |
No |
Medium Trees |
Allelopathic plants, Fire |
| Baptisia tinctoria |
Yellow wild indigo, Horsefly weed |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Dry soils, drought, Poor soil |
| Bidens laevis |
Smooth bur-marigold, Showy bur-marigold |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Wet conditions |
| Campsis radicans |
Trumpet-creeper, Trumpet creeper, Trumpet vine, Hellvine, Cow-itch, Foxglove vine, Devil's shoestring |
No |
No |
Vines |
Soil compaction, Dry soils, drought, Poor soil |
| Carex lupulina |
Hop sedge |
No |
No |
Grasses, Sedges & Rushes |
Wet conditions |
| Carex pensylvanica |
Pennsylvania sedge, Plantainleaf sedge, Plantain-leaved sedge, Seersucker sedge |
Yes |
Yes |
Grasses, Sedges & Rushes |
Mowing, Some foot traffic, Wet conditions, Dry soils, drought |
| Carpinus caroliniana |
American hornbeam, Ironwood |
No |
No |
Medium Trees, Shrubs & Small Trees |
Allelopathic plants, Dry soils, drought, Wet conditions, Urban environments |
| Carya glabra |
Pignut hickory |
No |
No |
Large Trees |
|
| Carya ovata |
Shagbark hickory |
No |
No |
Large Trees |
Allelopathic plants |
| Carya tomentosa |
Mockernut hickory |
No |
No |
Large Trees |
Dry soils, drought |
| Ceanothus americanus |
New jersey tea, Redroot, Mountain snowbell |
No |
No |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Allelopathic plants, Dry soils, drought, Poor soil, Urban environments |
| Celtis occidentalis |
Common hackberry, Northern hackberry |
No |
No |
Large Trees |
Air pollution, Poor soil, Wet conditions, Salt, Soil compaction, Acidic soils, Alkaline soils |
| Cephalanthus occidentalis |
Buttonbush |
No |
No |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Soil compaction, Wet conditions, Fire, Heat |
| Cercis canadensis |
Eastern redbud |
No |
No |
Medium Trees |
Acidic soils, Allelopathic plants, Alkaline soils, Soil compaction |
| Chamaecrista fasciculata |
Partridge pea, Prairie senna, Common partridge-pea |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Dry soils, drought |
| Chasmanthium latifolium |
River oats, Indian wood oats, Inland sea oats, Wild oats, Wood-oat, Northern sea oats |
No |
No |
Grasses, Sedges & Rushes |
Dry soils, drought, Allelopathic plants, Salt, Wet conditions |
| Chelone glabra |
White turtlehead |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Wet conditions |
| Chionanthus virginicus |
Fringetree, Old man's beard |
No |
No |
Medium Trees |
Air pollution, Dry soils, drought, Salt, Soil compaction, Urban environments, Urban environments |
| Chrysogonum virginianum |
Green and gold, Golden knees |
Yes |
No |
Herbs |
Dry soils, drought |
| Chrysopsis mariana |
Maryland golden-aster, Maryland golden aster |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Dry soils, drought, Wet conditions, Poor soil |
| Cirsium discolor |
Field thistle |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Dry soils, drought |
| Cirsium pumilum |
Pasture thistle |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Dry soils, drought |
| Clethra alnifolia |
Coastal white-alder, Sweet pepperbush |
No |
No |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Salt, Wet conditions |
| Clitoria mariana |
Maryland butterfly pea |
No |
Yes |
Herbs |
Dry soils, drought |
| Comptonia peregrina |
Sweet-fern |
No |
No |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Dry soils, drought, Wet conditions, Wind |
| Conoclinium coelestinum |
Mistflower, Ageratum, Blue boneset, Blue mistflower, Wild ageratum |
Yes |
No |
Herbs |
Wet conditions, Fire |
| Coreopsis tripteris |
Tall coreopsis, Tall tickseed |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Dry soils, drought, Poor soil |
| Coreopsis verticillata |
Whorled coreopsis, Thread-leaf coreopsis |
Yes |
No |
Herbs |
Dry soils, drought, Poor soil, Salt |
| Cornus amomum |
Silky dogwood |
No |
No |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Allelopathic plants, Salt, Wet conditions |
| Cornus florida |
Flowering dogwood |
No |
No |
Medium Trees |
Soil compaction, Fire, Wind |
| Cornus racemosa |
Gray dogwood |
No |
No |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Dry soils, drought, Poor soil, Urban environments, Wet conditions |
| Crataegus phaenopyrum |
Washington hawthorn |
No |
No |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Dry soils, drought, Air pollution, Urban environments |
| Desmodium marilandicum |
Smooth small-leaf tick-trefoil, Maryland tick-trefoil |
No |
No |
Herbs |
|
| Desmodium paniculatum |
Narrow-leaf tick trefoil, Panicled tick trefoil, Velcro vine |
No |
No |
Herbs |
|
| Dicentra cucullaria |
Dutchman's breeches |
No |
No |
Herbs |
|
| Diospyros virginiana |
Common persimmon, American persimmon |
No |
No |
Large Trees |
Wet conditions, Poor soil, Wind |
| Doellingeria umbellata |
Flat-top white aster, Parasol whitetop, Flat-topped white aster, Parasol white-top, Tall white-aster |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Wet conditions |
| Elephantopus carolinianus |
Carolina elephant's-foot |
No |
No |
Herbs |
|
| Elephantopus tomentosus |
Hairy elephant's-foot, Devil's grandmother |
No |
No |
Herbs |
|
| Erigeron philadelphicus |
Philadelphia fleabane |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Dry soils, drought, Salt, Poor soil |
| Eupatorium hyssopifolium |
Hyssop-leaf thoroughwort, Hyssop-leaved boneset |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Dry soils, drought, Urban environments, Salt |
| Eupatorium perfoliatum |
Boneset, Common boneset |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Wet conditions |
| Eupatorium rotundifolium |
Roundleaf thoroughwort, Roundleaf boneset |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Dry soils, drought, Wet conditions, Fire |
| Eurybia divaricata |
White wood aster |
Yes |
No |
Herbs |
Dry soils, drought, Poor soil |
| Eutrochium fistulosum |
Hollow joe-pye-weed, Joe pye thoroughwort, Joe-pye weed |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Wet conditions, Fire |
| Fragaria virginiana |
Wild strawberry, Virginia strawberry |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Dry soils, drought |
| Gelsemium sempervirens |
Yellow jessamine, Carolina jessamine |
Yes |
Yes |
Vines |
Poor soil, Salt |
| Gentiana clausa |
Bottle gentian, Closed gentian |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Poor soil |
| Hamamelis virginiana |
Witch hazel, Witchhazel |
No |
No |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Poor soil |
| Helenium autumnale |
Common sneezeweed, Autumnale sneezeweed |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Poor soil, Wet conditions |
| Helianthus angustifolius |
Narrow-leaved sunflower |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Poor soil, Salt, Wet conditions |
| Helianthus divaricatus |
Woodland sunflower |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Dry soils, drought |
| Heliopsis helianthoides |
Oxeye sunflower, Oxeye |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Dry soils, drought, Poor soil |
| Heuchera americana |
American alumroot |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Allelopathic plants, Dry soils, drought |
| Hibiscus moscheutos |
Swamp rose-mallow, Eastern rose-mallow, Crimson-eyed rose-mallow |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Salt, Wet conditions |
| Houstonia caerulea |
Common bluets, Azur bluets, Quaker ladies |
No |
No |
Herbs |
|
| Hydrangea arborescens |
Wild hydrangea, Smooth hydrangea |
No |
No |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Allelopathic plants, Salt |
| Hypericum hypericoides |
St. andrew's cross |
No |
No |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Dry soils, drought |
| Hypericum prolificum |
Shrubby st. john's-wort |
No |
No |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Dry soils, drought, Salt, Soil compaction |