| Ilex verticillata |
Winterberry |
No |
No |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Salt, Wet conditions |
| Impatiens capensis |
Orange jewelweed, Spotted jewelweed, Touch-me-not |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Wet conditions |
| Iris cristata |
Dwarf crested iris |
Yes |
No |
Herbs |
Some foot traffic, Dry soils, drought |
| Itea virginica |
Virginia-willow, Virginia sweetspire |
No |
No |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Wet conditions, Dry soils, drought |
| Juniperus virginiana |
Eastern redcedar |
No |
Yes |
Large Trees, Medium Trees |
Dry soils, drought, Salt, Soil compaction, Wet conditions |
| Kalmia latifolia |
Mountain laurel, Ivy |
No |
Yes |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Acidic soils, Soil compaction, Dry soils, drought |
| Lespedeza capitata |
Round-headed lespedeza, Round-headed bush-clover |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Dry soils, drought |
| Lespedeza virginica |
Slender lespedeza, Slender bush-clover |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Dry soils, drought |
| Liatris pilosa |
Grass-leaf blazing star, Grass-leaf gayfeather |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Dry soils, drought, Poor soil |
| Liatris spicata |
Dense blazing star, Dense gayfeather, Dense liatris, Marsh blazing star, Marsh gayfeather, Marsh liatris |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Poor soil, Wet conditions, Dry soils, drought |
| Lindera benzoin |
Spicebush |
No |
No |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Wet conditions, Fire |
| Liquidambar styraciflua |
Sweetgum |
No |
No |
Large Trees |
Dry soils, drought, Salt, Soil compaction, Wet conditions |
| Lobelia cardinalis |
Cardinal flower |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Wet conditions, Salt |
| Lobelia puberula |
Downy lobelia |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Wet conditions |
| Lobelia siphilitica |
Great blue lobelia |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Wet conditions |
| Lonicera sempervirens |
Trumpet honeysuckle, Coral honeysuckle |
Yes |
No |
Vines |
Poor soil, Allelopathic plants, Soil compaction, Salt |
| Magnolia virginiana |
Sweetbay magnolia |
No |
Yes |
Medium Trees |
Alkaline soils, Salt, Wet conditions, Soil compaction |
| Maianthemum canadense |
Canada mayflower, False lily-of-the-valley |
No |
Yes |
Herbs |
|
| Maianthemum racemosum |
False solomon's seal |
No |
No |
Herbs |
|
| Maianthemum racemosum |
False solomon's seal, Eastern solomons-plume |
No |
No |
Herbs |
|
| Malus coronaria |
Sweet crabapple |
No |
No |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
|
| Mertensia virginica |
Virginia bluebell, Virginia cowslip |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Allelopathic plants, Wet conditions |
| Monarda didyma |
Scarlet beebalm, Oswego tea |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Wet conditions, Allelopathic plants |
| Monarda fistulosa |
Wild bergamot |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Allelopathic plants, Dry soils, drought |
| Monarda punctata |
Horse-mint, Horsemint, Spotted bee-balm |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Dry soils, drought, Wet conditions, Poor soil |
| Morus rubra |
Red mulberry, Common mulberry |
No |
No |
Medium Trees |
Air pollution, Dry soils, drought |
| Nyssa sylvatica |
Black gum, Sour gum |
No |
No |
Large Trees, Medium Trees |
Salt, Soil compaction, Wet conditions, Dry soils, drought, Allelopathic plants, Air pollution |
| Oenothera fruticosa |
Narrow-leaf sundrops, Southern sundrops, Narrow-leaf evening-primrose |
No |
No |
Herbs |
|
| Packera anonyma |
Small's ragwort, Appalachian ragwort, Plain ragwort, Southern ragwort |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Dry soils, drought, Poor soil |
| Packera aurea |
Golden ragwort, Heartleaf ragwort |
Yes |
Yes |
Herbs |
Wet conditions |
| Parthenocissus quinquefolia |
Virginia-creeper |
Yes |
No |
Vines |
Dry soils, drought, Wet conditions, Salt, Soil compaction, Allelopathic plants, Air pollution |
| Passiflora incarnata |
Purple passionflower, Maypop |
No |
No |
Vines |
Poor soil, Dry soils, drought |
| Passiflora lutea |
Yellow passionflower |
No |
No |
Herbs |
|
| Penstemon laevigatus |
Smooth beard-tongue, Eastern smooth beard-tongue, Eastern beardtongue, Hairy beardtongue, Eastern penstemon , Eastern smooth penstemon , Hairy penstemon, Smooth penstemon |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Wet conditions, Dry soils, drought |
| Persicaria virginiana |
Virginia knotweed, Jumpseed |
Yes |
No |
Herbs |
Wet conditions |
| Phlox divaricata |
Wild blue phlox, Woodland phlox |
Yes |
Yes |
Herbs |
Dry soils, drought |
| Phlox paniculata |
Fall phlox, Garden phlox |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Salt, Allelopathic plants |
| Phlox subulata |
Moss phlox, Moss-pink |
Yes |
Yes |
Herbs |
Salt, Some foot traffic, Air pollution, Dry soils, drought, Poor soil |
| Physocarpus opulifolius |
Ninebark |
No |
No |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Dry soils, drought |
| Podophyllum peltatum |
Mayapple, Devil's apple, Duck's foot, Hog apple, Indian apple, Indian apple root, Mandrake , Raccoonberry, Umbrella leaf, Wild lemon, May-apple, May apple |
Yes |
No |
Herbs |
Allelopathic plants, Dry soils, drought |
| Polemonium reptans |
Jacob's ladder, Greek valerian, Spreading jacob's ladder |
Yes |
No |
Herbs |
|
| Prunus americana |
American wild plum |
No |
No |
Medium Trees |
Dry soils, drought |
| Prunus angustifolia |
Chickasaw plum |
No |
No |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
|
| Prunus serotina |
Wild black cherry, Black cherry, Black chokecherry, Rum cherry |
No |
No |
Large Trees |
|
| Pycnanthemum incanum |
Hoary mountain mint |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Dry soils, drought |
| Pycnanthemum muticum |
Short-toothed mountain-mint, Clustered mountain-mint |
No |
No |
Herbs |
|
| Pycnanthemum tenuifolium |
Narrow-leaf mountain-mint, Slender mountain-mint |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Dry soils, drought |
| Quercus alba |
White oak |
No |
No |
Large Trees |
Dry soils, drought, Salt, Acidic soils, Allelopathic plants |
| Quercus bicolor |
Swamp white oak |
No |
No |
Large Trees |
Dry soils, drought, Salt, Soil compaction, Wet conditions, Acidic soils, Allelopathic plants, Poor soil |
| Quercus coccinea |
Scarlet oak |
No |
No |
Large Trees |
Allelopathic plants, Dry soils, drought |
| Quercus falcata |
Southern red oak, Spanish oak |
No |
No |
Large Trees |
Dry soils, drought, Wet conditions, Acidic soils |
| Quercus michauxii |
Swamp chestnut oak, Basket oak |
No |
No |
Large Trees |
Soil compaction, Urban environments, Wet conditions, Acidic soils |
| Quercus montana |
Chestnut oak, Rock chestnut oak |
No |
No |
Large Trees |
Dry soils, drought, Poor soil |
| Quercus muehlenbergii |
Chinquapin oak, Chinkapin oak, Yellow oak |
No |
No |
Large Trees, Medium Trees |
Dry soils, drought |
| Quercus palustris |
Pin oak |
No |
No |
Medium Trees |
Acidic soils, Salt, Wet conditions, Air pollution |
| Quercus phellos |
Willow oak |
No |
No |
Large Trees |
Salt, Soil compaction, Air pollution, Wet conditions |
| Quercus rubra |
Northern red oak |
No |
No |
Large Trees |
Dry soils, drought, Soil compaction, Allelopathic plants, Air pollution |
| Quercus stellata |
Post oak |
No |
No |
Medium Trees |
Dry soils, drought, Acidic soils, Poor soil |
| Rhexia virginica |
Virginia meadow beauty |
No |
No |
Herbs |
|
| Rhododendron maximum |
Great laurel, White rosebay, Great rhododendron |
No |
Yes |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Dry soils, drought |
| Rhododendron periclymenoides |
Wild azalea, Pinxterflower, Pinxterbloom azalea |
No |
No |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
|
| Rhododendron viscosum var. viscosum |
Swamp azalea, Clammy azalea |
No |
Yes |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Dry soils, drought, Wet conditions |
| Rhus aromatica |
Fragrant sumac, Aromatic sumac, Lemon sumac, Polecat bush, Polecat sumac |
Yes |
No |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Allelopathic plants, Dry soils, drought, Poor soil |
| Rhus copallinum |
Winged sumac, Shining sumac, Flameleaf sumac |
No |
No |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Dry soils, drought, Salt, Poor soil |
| Rhus glabra |
Smooth sumac |
No |
No |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Dry soils, drought, Salt, Allelopathic plants |
| Rhus typhina |
Staghorn sumac |
No |
No |
Medium Trees, Shrubs & Small Trees |
Dry soils, drought, Salt, Soil compaction, Urban environments |
| Rosa carolina |
Carolina rose, Pasture rose |
No |
No |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Soil compaction, Dry soils, drought |
| Rosa palustris |
Swamp rose |
No |
No |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Wet conditions |
| Rubus allegheniensis |
Allegheny blackberry |
No |
No |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Dry soils, drought |
| Rubus occidentalis |
Black raspberry |
No |
No |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
|
| Rubus odoratus |
Flowering raspberry, Purple-flowering raspberry |
No |
No |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
|
| Rudbeckia fulgida |
Orange coneflower, Black-eyed susan, Early coneflower, Eastern coneflower, Black eyed susan |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Dry soils, drought, Salt, Soil compaction, Urban environments, Wet conditions |
| Rudbeckia hirta |
Gloriosa daisy, Black eyed susan, Black-eyed susan |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Salt, Some foot traffic, Dry soils, drought |
| Rudbeckia laciniata |
Cut-leaved coneflower, Tall coneflower, Green-headed coneflower, Wild goldenglow, Cutleaf coneflower |
No |
No |
Herbs |
|
| Sagittaria latifolia |
Broad-leaved arrowhead, Duck potato, Wapato |
No |
No |
Herbs |
|
| Salix nigra |
Black willow |
No |
No |
Medium Trees |
Salt, Wet conditions, Soil compaction |
| Salix sericea |
Silky willow |
No |
No |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Wet conditions |
| Salvia lyrata |
Lyre-leaf sage |
Yes |
No |
Herbs |
Some foot traffic, Dry soils, drought, Wet conditions |
| Sambucus canadensis |
Common elderberry |
No |
No |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Wet conditions |
| Sassafras albidum |
Sassafras |
No |
No |
Medium Trees |
Salt, Dry soils, drought |
| Schizachyrium scoparium |
Little bluestem, Prairie beardgrass, Prairie beard ggass |
No |
No |
Grasses, Sedges & Rushes |
Dry soils, drought, Salt, Soil compaction, Urban environments, Some foot traffic, Allelopathic plants, Air pollution |
| Scutellaria integrifolia |
Hyssop skullcap |
No |
No |
Herbs |
|
| Sedum ternatum |
Wild stonecrop, Woodland stonecrop |
Yes |
Yes |
Herbs |
Mowing, Some foot traffic, Dry soils, drought, Poor soil |
| Senna hebecarpa |
American senna, Northern wild senna |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Dry soils, drought |
| Senna marilandica |
Maryland wild senna, Southern wild senna |
No |
No |
Herbs |
|
| Sericocarpus asteroides |
Toothed white-top aster |
No |
No |
Herbs |
|
| Sericocarpus linifolius |
Narrow-leaf white-top aster |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Dry soils, drought |
| Silene caroliniana |
Northern wild pink, Wild pink |
Yes |
No |
Herbs |
Dry soils, drought |
| Smallanthus uvedalia |
Hairy leafcup, Yellow-flowered leafcup, Bear's-foot |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Dry soils, drought |
| Solidago bicolor |
Silverrod, White goldenrod |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Dry soils, drought |
| Solidago caesia |
Bluestem goldenrod, Blue-stemmed goldenrod, Wreath goldenrod, Axillary goldenrod |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Allelopathic plants, Dry soils, drought, Wet conditions |
| Solidago erecta |
Erect goldenrod, Slender goldenrod |
No |
No |
Herbs |
|
| Solidago juncea |
Early goldenrod |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Dry soils, drought |
| Solidago rugosa |
Rough-stemmed goldenrod, Wrinkle-leaf goldenrod |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Wet conditions |
| Sorghastrum nutans |
Indian grass, Yellow indian grass |
No |
No |
Grasses, Sedges & Rushes |
Salt, Dry soils, drought, Allelopathic plants, Wet conditions |
| Spiraea alba var. alba |
Narrowleaf meadowsweet |
No |
No |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Wet conditions |
| Staphylea trifolia |
Bladdernut |
No |
No |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Dry soils, drought, Wet conditions, Allelopathic plants |
| Symphyotrichum cordifolium |
Heart-leaved aster, Blue wood aster |
No |
No |
Herbs |
|
| Symphyotrichum laeve |
Smooth blue aster, Smooth aster |
No |
No |
Herbs |
Dry soils, drought |
| Symphyotrichum lateriflorum |
Calico aster, Starved aster |
No |
No |
Herbs |
|