Good for: Songbirds

Scientific Name Common Name(s) Ground cover? Evergreen? Plant Form(s) Tolerates
Dicentra eximia Wild bleeding heart No No Herbs
Dichanthelium clandestinum Deer-tongue grass No No Grasses, Sedges & Rushes
Diospyros virginiana Common persimmon, American persimmon No No Large Trees Wet conditions, Poor soil (sand/clay)
Dirca palustris Leatherwood No No Shrubs & Small Trees
Dryopteris marginalis Marginal wood fern, Evergreen wood fern, Evergreen wood-fern, Evergreen woodfern, Leather wood fern, Marginal shield fern, Marginal shield-fern, Marginal woodfern No Yes Fern & Fern Allies Wet conditions
Eleocharis quadrangulata Square-stem spikerush No No Grasses, Sedges & Rushes
Elymus hystrix Bottlebrush grass, Bottle-brush grass No No Grasses, Sedges & Rushes Dry soils/drought, Allelopathic plants **, Air pollution
Elymus virginicus Virginia wild rye, Eastern wild rye, Eastern wild-rye, Terrell grass No No Grasses, Sedges & Rushes Wet conditions
Eragrostis spectabilis Purple lovegrass, Tumblegrass No No Grasses, Sedges & Rushes Air pollution, Allelopathic plants **, Dry soils/drought, Poor soil (sand/clay), Salt
Erianthus alopecuroides Silver plumegrass, Woolly plumegrass No No Grasses, Sedges & Rushes
Erianthus giganteus Giant plumegrass, Sugarcane plumegrass No No Grasses, Sedges & Rushes
Erigeron pulchellus Robin's plantain Yes No Herbs Dry soils/drought
Euonymus americanus Strawberry-bush, American strawberry-bush, Heart's-a-bustin' No No Shrubs & Small Trees Allelopathic plants **, Wet conditions
Euonymus atropurpureus Eastern wahoo, Burning bush, Burning-bush, Wahoo euonymus, Wahoo , Spindle tree , Hearts bursting with love, Indian arrow wood No No Shrubs & Small Trees Allelopathic plants **, Soil compaction
Eupatorium hyssopifolium Hyssop-leaf thoroughwort, Hyssop-leaved boneset No No Herbs Dry soils/drought, Urban environments, Salt
Eupatorium perfoliatum Boneset, Common boneset No No Herbs
Eupatorium rotundifolium Roundleaf thoroughwort, Roundleaf boneset No No Herbs
Euphorbia corollata Flowering spurge No No Herbs
Eurybia divaricata White wood aster Yes No Herbs Dry soils/drought
Eurybia macrophylla Big-leaf aster, Large-leaved aster No No Herbs
Eutrochium dubium Three-nerved joe-pye-weed, Coastal plain joe pye weed , Coastal plain joe-pye weed , Coastal plain joepye weed , Joe pye thoroughwort No No Herbs Wet conditions, Salt
Eutrochium fistulosum Hollow joe-pye-weed, Joe pye thoroughwort, Joe-pye weed No No Herbs Wet conditions
Fagus grandifolia American beech No No Large Trees Allelopathic plants **, Salt
Fragaria virginiana Wild strawberry, Virginia strawberry No No Herbs Dry soils/drought
Gaultheria procumbens Wintergreen, Teaberry Yes No Shrubs & Small Trees
Gaylussacia baccata Black huckleberry No No Shrubs & Small Trees Dry soils/drought
Gaylussacia frondosa Dangleberry No No Shrubs & Small Trees Wet conditions
Gentiana saponaria Soapwort gentian No No Herbs
Geranium carolinianum Carolina geranium, Carolina cranesbill No No Herbs
Geranium maculatum Wild geranium No No Herbs
Hamamelis virginiana Witch hazel, Witchhazel No No Shrubs & Small Trees Poor soil (sand/clay)
Helenium autumnale Common sneezeweed, Autumnale sneezeweed No No Herbs Poor soil (sand/clay), Wet conditions
Helenium flexuosum Southern sneezeweed No No Herbs
Helianthus angustifolius Narrow-leaved sunflower No No Herbs Poor soil (sand/clay), Salt, Wet conditions
Helianthus decapetalus Thin-leaved sunflower No No Herbs
Helianthus divaricatus Woodland sunflower No No Herbs Dry soils/drought
Heliopsis helianthoides Oxeye sunflower, Oxeye No No Herbs Dry soils/drought, Poor soil (sand/clay)
Huperzia lucidula Shining clubmoss, Shining firmoss No No Fern & Fern Allies
Hydrangea arborescens Wild hydrangea, Smooth hydrangea No No Shrubs & Small Trees Allelopathic plants **, Salt
Hypericum hypericoides St. andrew's cross No No Shrubs & Small Trees Dry soils/drought
Hypericum prolificum Shrubby st. john's-wort No No Shrubs & Small Trees Dry soils/drought, Salt, Soil compaction
Ilex decidua Deciduous holly, Possum-haw No No Shrubs & Small Trees Salt, Soil compaction, Wet conditions
Ilex glabra Inkberry, Gallberry, Appalachian tea No Yes Shrubs & Small Trees Wet conditions, Salt
Ilex opaca American holly No Yes Medium Trees Salt, Soil compaction
Ilex verticillata Winterberry No No Shrubs & Small Trees Salt, Wet conditions
Ilex vomitoria Yaupon holly No No Shrubs & Small Trees Salt
Itea virginica Virginia-willow, Virginia sweetspire No No Shrubs & Small Trees Wet conditions, Dry soils/drought
Juniperus virginiana Eastern redcedar No Yes Large Trees, Medium Trees Dry soils/drought, Salt, Soil compaction, Wet conditions
Kalmia latifolia Mountain laurel, Ivy No Yes Shrubs & Small Trees Acidic soils, Soil compaction, Dry soils/drought
Lespedeza capitata Round-headed lespedeza, Round-headed bush-clover No No Herbs
Lespedeza virginica Slender lespedeza, Slender bush-clover No No Herbs
Liatris pilosa Grass-leaf blazing star, Grass-leaf gayfeather No No Herbs Dry soils/drought, Poor soil (sand/clay)
Liatris spicata Dense blazing star, Dense gayfeather, Dense liatris, Marsh blazing star, Marsh gayfeather, Marsh liatris No No Herbs Poor soil (sand/clay), Wet conditions, Dry soils/drought
Liatris squarrosa Plains blazing star No No Herbs
Lilium philadelphicum Wood lily No No Herbs
Lindera benzoin Spicebush No No Shrubs & Small Trees Wet conditions
Liquidambar styraciflua Sweetgum No No Large Trees Dry soils/drought, Salt, Soil compaction, Wet conditions
Lobelia cardinalis Cardinal flower No No Herbs Wet conditions, Salt
Lobelia siphilitica Great blue lobelia No No Herbs Wet conditions
Lonicera sempervirens Trumpet honeysuckle, Coral honeysuckle Yes No Vines Clay, Allelopathic plants **, Soil compaction
Lupinus perennis Sundial lupine No No Herbs
Lyonia lucida Shining fetterbush No Yes Shrubs & Small Trees
Lyonia mariana Staggerbush, Maleberry, Fetterbush No No Shrubs & Small Trees Wet conditions, Poor soil (sand/clay)
Magnolia acuminata Cucumber-tree, Cucumber magnolia No No Large Trees
Magnolia tripetala Umbrella magnolia, Umbrella-tree No No Medium Trees, Shrubs & Small Trees
Magnolia virginiana Sweetbay magnolia No Yes Medium Trees Alkaline soils, Salt, Wet conditions, Soil compaction
Maianthemum canadense Canada mayflower, False lily-of-the-valley No Yes Herbs
Maianthemum racemosum False solomon's seal No No Herbs
Malus angustifolia Southern crabapple No No Shrubs & Small Trees
Malus coronaria Sweet crabapple No No Shrubs & Small Trees
Medeola virginiana Indian cucumber-root No No Herbs
Menispermum canadense Canada moonseed, Common moonseed No No Vines
Mitchella repens Partidge-berry Yes Yes Herbs Dry soils/drought, Mowing, Some foot traffic
Monarda didyma Scarlet beebalm, Oswego tea No No Herbs Wet conditions, Allelopathic plants **
Monarda punctata Horse-mint, Horsemint, Spotted bee-balm No No Herbs Dry soils/drought, Wet conditions, Poor soil (sand/clay)
Morus rubra Red mulberry No No Medium Trees
Muhlenbergia capillaris Hair-awn muhly, Long-awn hairgrass No No Grasses, Sedges & Rushes Poor soil (sand/clay), Dry soils/drought, Allelopathic plants **, Air pollution, Salt
Muhlenbergia schreberi Nimblewill No No Grasses, Sedges & Rushes
Nyssa aquatica Water-tupelo No No Large Trees
Nyssa sylvatica Black gum, Sour gum No No Large Trees, Medium Trees Salt, Soil compaction, Wet conditions, Dry soils/drought, Allelopathic plants **, Air pollution
Oenothera fruticosa Narrow-leaf sundrops, Southern sundrops No No Herbs
Oenothera gaura Biennial gaura, Northeastern gaura No No Herbs
Onoclea sensibilis Sensitive fern No No Fern & Fern Allies Allelopathic plants **, Dry soils/drought, Wet conditions
Osmunda spectabilis Royal fern No No Fern & Fern Allies Wet conditions
Osmundastrum cinnamomeum Cinnamon fern No No Fern & Fern Allies Wet conditions
Ostrya virginiana Hop-horn-beam, Eastern hop-hornbeam, Ironwood No No Shrubs & Small Trees Dry soils/drought
Oxydendrum arboreum Sourwood, Sorrel tree No No Large Trees Salt, Acidic soils
Packera anonyma Small's ragwort No No Herbs
Packera aurea Golden ragwort, Heartleaf ragwort Yes Yes Herbs Wet conditions
Panicum amarum Coastal panic grass, Bitter panic grass No No Grasses, Sedges & Rushes
Panicum virgatum Switch grass, Switchgrass No No Grasses, Sedges & Rushes Salt, Some foot traffic, Wet conditions, Allelopathic plants **
Parthenocissus quinquefolia Virginia-creeper Yes No Vines Dry soils/drought, Wet conditions, Salt, Soil compaction, Allelopathic plants **, Air pollution
Passiflora incarnata Purple passionflower, Maypop No No Vines Clay, Dry soils/drought
Peltandra virginica Arrow-arum, Tuckahoe No No Herbs
Penstemon digitalis Foxglove beardtongue, Beardtongue No No Herbs Dry soils/drought
Penstemon laevigatus Smooth beard-tongue, Eastern smooth beard-tongue No No Herbs
Persea palustris Swamp bay, Red bay, Swamp red bay No No Medium Trees, Shrubs & Small Trees
Phlox divaricata Wild blue phlox, Woodland phlox No No Herbs Dry soils/drought
Phlox maculata Meadow phlox, Wild sweet-william No No Herbs
Phlox paniculata Fall phlox, Garden phlox No No Herbs Salt, Allelopathic plants **
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