Birds

Scientific Name Common Name(s) Ground cover? Evergreen? Plant Form(s) Tolerates
Acer rubrum Red maple No No Large Trees Air pollution, Allelopathic plants, Dry soils/drought, Soil compaction, Urban environments, Wet conditions
Acer saccharum Sugar maple No No Large Trees
Amelanchier arborea Downy serviceberry No No Medium Trees Wet conditions
Amelanchier canadensis Canadian serviceberry No No Medium Trees Wet conditions
Amelanchier laevis Smooth serviceberry No No Medium Trees Air pollution, Salt, Soil compaction, Urban environments
Aquilegia canadensis Wild columbine, Eastern red columbine No No Herbs Dry soils/drought
Aralia spinosa Devil's walking-stick No No Medium Trees, Shrubs & Small Trees Dry soils/drought, Air pollution, Urban environments
Aruncus dioicus var. dioicus Goat's-beard No No Herbs
Betula nigra River birch, Red birch No No Large Trees Air pollution, Allelopathic plants, Dry soils/drought, Salt, Soil compaction, Wet conditions
Carex pensylvanica Pennsylvania sedge, Plantainleaf sedge, Plantain-leaved sedge, Seersucker sedge Yes Yes Grasses, Sedges & Rushes Mowing, Some foot traffic, Wet conditions
Carpinus caroliniana American hornbeam, Ironwood No No Medium Trees, Shrubs & Small Trees Allelopathic plants, Dry soils/drought, Wet conditions, Urban environments
Castanea pumila Allegheny chinquapin No No Shrubs & Small Trees Dry soils/drought
Ceanothus americanus New jersey tea, Redroot No No Shrubs & Small Trees Allelopathic plants, Dry soils/drought, Poor soil (sand/clay), Urban environments
Celtis occidentalis Common hackberry, Northern hackberry No No Large Trees Air pollution, Poor soil (sand/clay), Wet conditions, Salt, Soil compaction, Acidic soils, Alkaline soils
Chasmanthium latifolium River oats, Indian wood oats, Inland sea oats, Wild oats, Wood-oat, Northern sea oats No No Grasses, Sedges & Rushes Dry soils/drought, Allelopathic plants, Salt, Wet conditions
Chionanthus virginicus Fringetree, Old man's beard No No Medium Trees Air pollution, Dry soils/drought, Salt, Soil compaction, Urban environments, Urban environments
Clethra alnifolia Coastal white-alder, Sweet pepperbush No No
Conoclinium coelestinum Mistflower, Ageratum Yes No Herbs Wet conditions
Coreopsis verticillata Whorled coreopsis, Thread-leaf coreopsis Yes No Herbs Dry soils/drought, Poor soil (sand/clay), Salt
Cornus amomum Silky dogwood No No Shrubs & Small Trees Allelopathic plants, Salt, Wet conditions
Cornus florida Flowering dogwood No No Medium Trees Soil compaction
Cornus racemosa Gray dogwood No No Shrubs & Small Trees Dry soils/drought, Poor soil (sand/clay), Urban environments, Wet conditions
Crataegus viridis Green hawthorn No No Shrubs & Small Trees Air pollution, Dry soils/drought
Diospyros virginiana Common persimmon, American persimmon No No Large Trees Wet conditions, Poor soil (sand/clay)
Dryopteris marginalis Marginal wood fern, Evergreen wood fern, Evergreen wood-fern, Evergreen woodfern, Leather wood fern, Marginal shield fern, Marginal shield-fern, Marginal woodfern No Yes Fern & Fern Allies Wet conditions
Elymus hystrix Bottlebrush grass, Bottle-brush grass No No Grasses, Sedges & Rushes Dry soils/drought, Allelopathic plants, Air pollution
Eragrostis spectabilis Purple lovegrass, Tumblegrass No No Grasses, Sedges & Rushes Air pollution, Allelopathic plants, Dry soils/drought, Poor soil (sand/clay), Salt
Eutrochium dubium Three-nerved joe-pye-weed, Coastal plain joe pye weed , Coastal plain joe-pye weed , Coastal plain joepye weed , Joe pye thoroughwort No No Herbs Wet conditions, Salt
Hydrangea arborescens Wild hydrangea, Smooth hydrangea No No Shrubs & Small Trees Allelopathic plants, Salt
Hypericum prolificum Shrubby st. john's-wort No No Shrubs & Small Trees Dry soils/drought, Salt, Soil compaction
Ilex decidua Deciduous holly, Possum-haw No No Shrubs & Small Trees Salt, Soil compaction, Wet conditions
Ilex opaca American holly No Yes Medium Trees Salt, Soil compaction
Juniperus virginiana Eastern redcedar No Yes Large Trees, Medium Trees Dry soils/drought, Salt, Soil compaction, Wet conditions
Kalmia latifolia Mountain laurel, Ivy No Yes Shrubs & Small Trees Acidic soils, Soil compaction
Liatris spicata Dense blazing star, Dense gayfeather, Dense liatris, Marsh blazing star, Marsh gayfeather, Marsh liatris No No Herbs
Lindera benzoin Spicebush No No Shrubs & Small Trees Wet conditions
Liquidambar styraciflua Sweetgum No No Large Trees Dry soils/drought, Salt, Soil compaction, Wet conditions
Lobelia cardinalis Cardinal flower No No Grasses, Sedges & Rushes Wet conditions
Lobelia siphilitica Great blue lobelia No No Herbs Wet conditions
Magnolia virginiana Sweetbay magnolia No Yes Medium Trees Alkaline soils, Salt, Wet conditions
Monarda didyma Scarlet beebalm, Oswego tea No No Herbs Wet conditions, Allelopathic plants
Muhlenbergia capillaris Hair-awn muhly, Long-awn hairgrass No No Grasses, Sedges & Rushes Poor soil (sand/clay), Dry soils/drought, Allelopathic plants, Air pollution, Salt
Myrica cerifera Southern wax myrtle, Southern bayberry No Yes Shrubs & Small Trees Dry soils/drought, Salt, Soil compaction, Wet conditions, Poor soil (sand/clay), Urban environments
Packera aurea Golden ragwort, Heartleaf ragwort Yes Yes Herbs Wet conditions
Penstemon digitalis Foxglove beardtongue, Beardtongue No No Herbs Dry soils/drought
Phlox paniculata Fall phlox, Garden phlox No No Herbs Salt, Allelopathic plants
Physostegia virginiana Obedient plant, False dragonhead No No Herbs
Pinus rigida Pitch pine No Yes Medium Trees Dry soils/drought, Salt, Poor soil (sand/clay)
Pinus virginiana Virginia pine, Scrub pine No Yes Large Trees Dry soils/drought, Soil compaction, Air pollution
Platanus occidentalis Sycamore, American sycamore No Yes Large Trees Dry soils/drought, Salt, Soil compaction, Allelopathic plants, Air pollution, Urban environments, Wet conditions
Prunus americana American wild plum No No Medium Trees Dry soils/drought
Quercus alba White oak No No Large Trees Dry soils/drought, Salt, Acidic soils, Allelopathic plants
Quercus bicolor Swamp white oak No No Large Trees Dry soils/drought, Salt, Soil compaction, Wet conditions, Acidic soils, Allelopathic plants, Poor soil (sand/clay)
Quercus coccinea Scarlet oak No No Large Trees Allelopathic plants, Dry soils/drought
Quercus falcata Southern red oak, Spanish oak No No Large Trees Dry soils/drought, Wet conditions, Acidic soils
Quercus michauxii Swamp chestnut oak, Basket oak No No Large Trees Soil compaction, Urban environments, Wet conditions, Acidic soils
Quercus montana Chestnut oak, Rock chestnut oak No No Large Trees Dry soils/drought, Poor soil (sand/clay)
Quercus muehlenbergii Chinquapin oak, Chinkapin oak, Yellow oak No No Large Trees, Medium Trees Dry soils/drought
Quercus palustris Pin oak No No Medium Trees Acidic soils, Salt, Wet conditions, Air pollution
Quercus phellos Willow oak No No Large Trees Salt, Soil compaction, Air pollution, Wet conditions
Quercus rubra Northern red oak No No Large Trees Dry soils/drought, Soil compaction, Allelopathic plants, Air pollution
Quercus stellata Post oak No No Medium Trees Dry soils/drought, Acidic soils, Poor soil (sand/clay)
Quercus velutina Black oak No No Large Trees Dry soils/drought, Salt, Allelopathic plants
Rhus aromatica Fragrant sumac, Aromatic sumac, Lemon sumac, Polecat bush, Polecat sumac Yes No Shrubs & Small Trees Allelopathic plants, Dry soils/drought
Rhus copallinum Winged sumac, Shining sumac, Flameleaf sumac No No Shrubs & Small Trees Dry soils/drought, Salt, Poor soil (sand/clay)
Rhus glabra Smooth sumac No No Shrubs & Small Trees Dry soils/drought, Salt, Allelopathic plants
Rhus typhina Staghorn sumac No No Medium Trees, Shrubs & Small Trees Dry soils/drought, Salt, Soil compaction, Urban environments
Rudbeckia fulgida Early coneflower, Eastern coneflower, Orange coneflower, Black-eyed susan No No Herbs Dry soils/drought, Salt, Soil compaction, Urban environments, Wet conditions
Rudbeckia hirta Black-eyed susan No No Herbs Salt, Some foot traffic, Dry soils/drought
Salix caroliniana Carolina willow, Coastal plain willow No No Large Trees, Medium Trees Soil compaction, Dry soils/drought, Wet conditions
Salix nigra Black willow No No Medium Trees Salt, Wet conditions, Soil compaction
Salvia lyrata Lyre-leaf sage No No Herbs Some foot traffic, Dry soils/drought, Wet conditions
Sassafras albidum Sassafras No No Medium Trees Salt, Dry soils/drought
Schizachyrium scoparium Little bluestem, Prairie beardgrass, Prairie beard ggass No No Grasses, Sedges & Rushes Dry soils/drought, Salt, Soil compaction, Urban environments, Some foot traffic, Allelopathic plants, Air pollution
Solidago chilensis Sweet goldenrod, Anise-scented goldenrod No No Herbs Clay, Dry soils/drought
Sorghastrum nutans Indian grass, Yellow indian grass No No Grasses, Sedges & Rushes Salt, Dry soils/drought, Allelopathic plants, Wet conditions
Spiraea alba Narrowleaf meadowsweet No No Shrubs & Small Trees Wet conditions
Symphyotrichum cordifolium Heart-leaved aster, Blue wood aster No No Herbs
Symphyotrichum laeve Smooth blue aster, Smooth aster No No Herbs Dry soils/drought
Symphyotrichum novae-angliae New england aster No No Herbs
Tilia americana American basswood, American linden, Bee tree No No Large Trees Dry soils/drought, Air pollution
Vaccinium corymbosum Highbush blueberry, Northern highbush blueberry No No Shrubs & Small Trees Dry soils/drought, Salt, Wet conditions, Acidic soils, Soil compaction
Vernonia noveboracensis New york ironweed No No Herbs
Viburnum acerifolium Maple-leaf viburnum, Dockmackie No No Shrubs & Small Trees
Viburnum dentatum Arrow-wood No No Shrubs & Small Trees Dry soils/drought, Salt, Wet conditions, Allelopathic plants
Viburnum nudum Southern wild raisin, Possum-haw No No Shrubs & Small Trees Salt, Wet conditions
Viburnum prunifolium Black haw No No Shrubs & Small Trees Dry soils/drought, Urban environments, Acidic soils, Allelopathic plants, Air pollution
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