Habitat: Northern forest, upland mesic, north and east slope aspects, areas of cool air drainage
Wildlife value: This plant provides nectar for pollinators and is a larval host plant for Eastern tiger swallowtail, red-spotted purple and mourning cloak butterflies. Seeds eaten by birds and squirrels. Bees and other pollinating insects enjoy the nectar from the flowers. Attracts lightning bugs
Notes: It is easy to transplant, is tolerant of clay soil, and adaptable to dry, rocky soils. Virginia is in the southern end of its range. This may be problematic with global warming. Tolerates light shade. Fragrant flowers
Edibility: Dried flowers are used to make teas but over-use can cause heart damage. Syrup can be made from the sweet tree sap. Honey from this tree is prized for flavor. Leaves can be used in salads.